Periodontitis, commonly referred to as gum disease, is a severe infection that affects the soft tissues surrounding your teeth. If left untreated, it can lead to the destruction of the bone supporting your teeth, causing tooth loosening or even tooth loss. Despite its seriousness, periodontitis is largely preventable with proper oral care.
What is Periodontitis?
Periodontitis begins as gingivitis, a milder form of gum inflammation, and progresses into a more serious condition if ignored. This disease is often caused by poor oral hygiene, allowing plaque and tartar buildup that harbors harmful bacteria. These bacteria infect the gums, leading to inflammation, bone damage, and eventual tooth loss.
Symptoms of Periodontitis
Healthy gums are firm and fit snugly around the teeth. However, periodontitis can cause noticeable changes such as:
• Swollen, tender, or puffy gums
• Gums that bleed easily during brushing or flossing
• Persistent bad breath
• Receding gums that make teeth appear longer
• Pus between gums and teeth
• Loose or shifting teeth
• Pain while chewing
If you notice any of these symptoms, consult your dentist promptly. Early treatment is key to preventing irreversible damage.
How to prevent Periodontitis
Good oral hygiene practices are essential to prevent gum disease. Follow these tips to maintain healthy gums:
Brush twice daily: Use fluoride toothpaste and a soft-bristled toothbrush. Ensure you brush for at least two minutes.
Floss daily: Flossing removes food particles and plaque between teeth, where brushing cannot reach.
Regular dental visits: Schedule professional cleanings and checkups as recommended by your dentist.
Eat a balanced diet: Limit sugary foods and include nutrient-rich options to promote gum health.
Quit smoking: Smoking increases the risk of gum disease and interferes with treatment.
When to see a dentist
Routine dental checkups play a crucial role in preventing and detecting periodontitis. However, if you notice symptoms like bleeding gums, receding gums, or loose teeth, don’t delay seeking dental care. Early intervention can reverse some of the damage caused by periodontitis and protect your oral health.