Researchers have recently underscored the importance of maintaining oral health during pregnancy, shedding light on the substantial impact that hormonal changes can have on the oral cavity in a study published in the esteemed journal BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, emphasizing the necessity for increased awareness and specialised care for expectant mothers.
The findings indicate a link between signs of periodontal disease, such as gingival inflammation, and adverse pregnancy outcomes, including preeclampsia, low birth weight, preterm birth, gestational diabetes, premature rupture of membranes, and vulvovaginitis.
While plaque levels remain unchanged during pregnancy, the prevalence of gingival inflammation significantly rises, reaching its peak in the third trimester and gradually declining three months postpartum.
Moreover, the study highlights the impact of diet on oral health during pregnancy. The cravings for sweet foods, commonly experienced by pregnant women, can influence patterns of plaque formation.
Adopting a healthy diet during pregnancy has a positive effect on reducing periodontal and gingival inflammation. Additionally, the study suggests that the adoption of healthy behaviuors during pregnancy is influenced by various socioeconomic characteristics. Hence, maintaining good oral health throughout pregnancy is crucial for the overall well-being of both mothers and their newborns.
To evaluate the awareness and understanding of oral health during pregnancy, researchers conducted a survey among mothers aged 19-44 who had given birth at gynecologic clinics. The questionnaire collected data on demographic information and specific aspects of oral health. Participants provided responses without seeking guidance from dentists, providing valuable insights into real-world knowledge regarding oral health awareness during pregnancy.
The study received responses from 200 females, with an average age of 31.9 years. The average duration of pregnancy was 38.9 weeks, based on data from 170 subjects. More than half of the participants (55.5 percent) had higher education qualifications. The survey revealed that 45pc of respondents underwent natural parturition, while 48.5pc underwent a cesarean section.
Key findings of the study indicate that only 20pc of participants underwent a dental examination when planning or preparing for pregnancy, while 38.5pc sought dental care after confirming their pregnancy. The analysis showed a significant correlation between higher education and the likelihood of undergoing a dental examination.
Alarmingly, approximately 25pc of participants remained unaware of the significance of oral hygiene during pregnancy. This lack of awareness was found to be more prevalent among younger individuals. It is crucial to identify at-risk individuals and provide them with better care and education to ensure optimal oral health throughout pregnancy.
The study underscores the need for improved oral health education and dental care for expectant mothers. By enhancing awareness and promoting good oral hygiene practices during pregnancy, healthcare professionals can contribute to better pregnancy management and support healthy fetal development.